On the harmonious development of China's packaging

On the harmonious development of China's packaging industry and environmental protection (III)

nowadays, most developed countries in the world restrict excessive packaging through legislation. For example, due to the deterioration of environmental resources and the global wave of "green packaging", European governments have formulated packaging laws. Germany, which first advocated the recycling of packaging materials, formulated the "circular economy law" and "packaging regulations". Denmark took the lead in implementing the "green tax" system, the "packaging covenant" of the Netherlands, the "packaging regulations" of France and the "national ecological law" of Belgium. Many countries require manufacturers, importers and retailers to take responsibility for recycling and remanufacturing packaging materials. There are three kinds of legal measures to control excessive packaging in foreign countries: first, standard control. That is, set limit standards for the volume of packaging, the gap between packaging and goods, the number of packaging layers, and the ratio of packaging cost to commodity value, such as South Korea, Japan, Canada and other countries. Second, economic means control. For example, the packaging tax is levied on non paper packaging and packaging that cannot meet the recycling requirements, such as Belgium. In addition, through waste measurement and charging, guide consumers to choose simple packaging, such as the third in the Netherlands, and increase producers. It is stipulated that commodity producers are responsible for recycling commodity packaging. Usually, a deposit system can be adopted to entrust relevant commercial institutions to recycle packaging. In order to facilitate recycling, producers will actively choose packaging designs that use less materials and are easy to recycle, such as Germany, France and other countries. Article 27 of the Cleaner Production Promotion Law of the people's Republic of China adopted at the 28th meeting of the Standing Committee of the Ninth National People's Congress on June 292002 stipulates: "Enterprises that produce and sell products and packages that are listed in the compulsory recycling catalogue must recycle the products and packages after the products are scrapped and the packages are used. The catalogue and specific recycling methods of products and packages that are compulsorily recycled shall be formulated by the competent department of economic and trade administration under the State Council. 13. Overload protection: automatic shutdown when the load exceeds 10% of the rated value; the State shall, for products and packages that are listed in the compulsory recycling catalogue, Implement economic measures conducive to recycling; The economic and trade administrative departments of the local people's governments at or above the county level shall regularly inspect the implementation of compulsory recycling of products and packaging, and timely publish the inspection results to the public. The specific measures shall be formulated by the economic and trade administrative department of the State Council. " The former State Economic and Trade Commission, in order to implement the requirements of Article 27 above and implement the proposals put forward by several NPC and CPPCC on this issue, issued an official letter to the former China Packaging Technology Association on February 13, 2003, entrusting it to draft the catalogue and management measures for compulsory recycling of packaging materials. This makes China's first regulations related to packaging enter the substantive formulation process. In the field of medicine, China's State Food and Drug Administration (SFDA) successively promulgated 34 national standards for pharmaceutical packaging materials and containers, 25 standards for inspection methods of stringed instrument packaging materials in 2002 and 2003, and issued the notice on strengthening the supervision and administration of the packaging of traditional Chinese medicine, aiming to strengthen the supervision of packaging materials and containers that directly contact drugs. At present, there are about 1500 pharmaceutical packaging enterprises in China, with an annual output value of about 15billion yuan, but the quality and variety of pharmaceutical packaging materials are significantly lower than the international level. In the outline of the Tenth Five Year Plan for the development of the pharmaceutical packaging industry in China, environmental friendly and high-performance OTC packaging, high-quality controlled and light-weight molded bottles, butyl rubber plugs, high-quality aluminum-plastic composite caps, green capsules, high-quality blisters, etc. have been taken as the development priorities of China's pharmaceutical packaging in the future

in terms of tobacco, on November 10, 2003, the Chinese government signed the Framework Convention on tobacco control, an International Convention on tobacco control, at the headquarters of the United Nations, becoming the 77th signatory to the Convention. The "packaging and labeling of tobacco products" clause in the Convention will have a substantial impact on the current tobacco packaging in China. Chinese tobacco enterprises will carry out a comprehensive and thorough "reload" campaign before November 10, 2006. To this end, Chinese tobacco enterprises are now a comprehensive and thorough "dressing up" campaign. To this end, Chinese tobacco enterprises are now actively seeking effective countermeasures in cigarette package design, packaging materials and printing technology; At the same time, the state tobacco monopoly administration, the top administration of tobacco in China, is also actively promoting environmentally friendly tobacco packaging materials in the tobacco industry. Some green tobacco packaging materials with relatively mature technology, such as vacuum aluminized cardboard, are being recognized by more and more tobacco enterprises

at the end of 2004, in order to implement the scientific concept of development put forward by the Central Committee, build a conservation oriented society and build a socialist harmonious society, the national development and Reform Commission issued the research topic of "adapting to the development needs of circular economy, vigorously developing green packaging industry" to the China Packaging Federation, which provides a scientific basis for formulating measures to promote the sustainable, rapid, healthy and coordinated development of China's packaging industry. After the preliminary investigation of experts, the members of the research group gathered in Xiamen in early April, 2005 to have a full discussion on all aspects of the subject, drew up the framework of the whole vehicle brake lining test and detection parameters of the research report, and made clear the content that needs further division of labor and research, so that the research of the subject entered the stage of in-depth discussion

the second level of technical means

the packaging industry is an industry with high-tech content, and its development has to rely on the application of advanced science and technology. Industrial advanced countries and some international organizations have been trying to formulate some international environmental standards to regulate the environment of various countries. In order to meet this need, the international organization for Standardization (ISO) formulated and promulgated ISO14000 environmental management series standards in 1997 after many meetings and Member States' voting. It has an important impact on the packaging industry. Domestic enterprises, scientific research institutions and other enterprises and institutions gradually began to enter the independent research and development of products in this field

content of green packaging with the progress of science and technology, the development of packaging will have new connotations. For example, the term "degradable plastics" comes from the special concept of plastic polymer structure. Now it is more popular to advocate the use of "ecoplastics" with richer connotations. Because of the sustainable development of traditional petroleum based plastics, trapped by the supply of oil, economic development has deepened its dependence on oil. Economically (1). Exploring the development of appropriate vanadium battery technology utilization scenarios has led to more waste plastics forming white pollution. Environmental protection requires the use of fully biodegradable ecological materials as far as possible. The technology of fully biodegradable ecological materials is becoming more and more perfect. According to China's current economic development and its corresponding oil consumption rate, China's oil reserves will be exhausted in about 16 years. China's oil supply will increasingly rely on imports, and has become the second largest oil importer. The volatile situation in the Middle East has a serious impact on oil supply. At present, the annual consumption of plastics in China has exceeded 25million tons, of which packaging accounts for about 6million tons. The proportion of plastics in garbage is increasing and it is difficult to deal with. Even if half of the plastics are required to be completely degraded, the annual demand will reach 12.5 million tons, while China's current fully degradable ecological plastics with starch as raw material are less than 100000 tons. Polylactic acid ecological plastics with good performance have not been industrialized, and there is a big gap. Polylactic acid is currently recognized as an ecological plastic that can replace PE and other traditional plastics to a considerable extent, because it can form the ecological cycle of ecological plastics as shown in Figure 1 corn starch ecological plastic ecological cycle. However, at present, there are still some limitations in the cost and packaging application of ecological plastics such as polylactic acid

1, pay attention to the green design of packaging

paying attention to the green design of packaging is the key to strengthen the prevention and control from the source. Starting from the design, pay attention to the selection of materials and reduce packaging waste, which is of great significance to the reduction, recycling and harmlessness of urban waste (packaging waste). The packaging design should be permeated with the concept of environmental protection. For example, 90% of Japan's milk is sold in paper packaging with creased lines. This kind of easily flattened packaging not only has low cost, but also reduces the occupied space, which is convenient to be sent to recycling sites, and reduces transportation costs

2, focus on the development of green packaging materials

modern packaging materials mainly include paper, plastic, wood, metal, glass! Category, here! Among these packaging materials, paper and plastic are the cheapest, with a wide range of raw materials. They are neither fragile, nor light, nor easy to carry. Therefore, paper and plastic packaging are widely used in daily life, and the growth of paper products is the fastest. According to the development trend, the use of plastic food bags will be gradually banned in domestic and foreign markets, and environmental protection paper bags must be used for green packaging. At present, enterprises and scientific research departments at home and abroad are developing new composite paper packaging bags suitable for different commodities and have begun to apply them. After quantitative evaluation by LCA analysis method, paper packaging will become one of the most promising green packaging materials compared with other materials

3, strive to promote cleaner production of enterprises

cleaner production refers to the production process of packaging materials from raw materials to packaging materials, as well as the processing of packaging materials into commodity packaging, pay attention to the pollution prevention and control of the process flow, obtain the maximum benefits with the minimum consumption of resources and energy, and realize the zero emission of pollutants. This requires packaging material manufacturers and enterprises using packaging materials to use advanced technology and equipment in the packaging process to reduce pollutant emissions

therefore, We believe that the connotation of green packaging should be "5r+1e `, that is, when choosing packaging materials, we should try to avoid or reduce packaging materials; recycle the used commodity packaging materials; reuse the recycled packaging materials as much as possible; recycle or regenerate the packaging waste as much as possible into useful materials; advocate rejecting products without environmental protection concepts (reuse); and try to choose ecological packaging materials (Ecological Packaging Materials)。

third, improve people's understanding of green packaging

advocating green packaging and implementing green packaging projects is a public welfare undertaking that promotes the rational use of resources, protects the environment, and is conducive to society, enterprises, and the public, which is of great significance. First, it is conducive to the sustainable development of society. Sustainable development is the inevitable attitude taken by human beings to deeply reflect on the environmental problems brought about by the development of industrialization in the past century. It is the common choice of all countries in the world. Population, economy, resources and environment are the most important factors in sustainable development. Population is the center, economy is the foundation, and resources and environment are the premise. As mentioned above, China's packaging pollution is quite serious. Advocating green packaging can reduce packaging waste, help reduce resource consumption, and make the national economy embark on an intensive development path, which has a wide range of social benefits; Secondly, advocating green packaging is conducive to enterprises to carry out cleaner production and reduce packaging pollutants. In the 21st century, "people-oriented, green environmental protection" as a concept has become the main theme of the times. With the implementation of the cleaner production promotion law, cleaner production has entered the legal era. Enterprises in their own development, if they ignore this development trend, they will lose the market. Carry out technological revolution in packaging production according to the principles of beauty, practicality and environmental protection